Which federal regulations govern the use of animals in research in the United States?

• A. The Animal Welfare Act and FDA Guidelines
• B. The Animal Welfare Act and the Public Health Service Policy
• C. The Animal Protection Act and the Health Research Policy
• D. Humane Care Act and Laboratory Animal Standards

Answer: (B)

The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) and the Public Health Service (PHS) Policy are the primary federal regulations governing the use of animals in research within the United States. The AWA establishes standards for the humane care and treatment of animals used in research and other activities. It covers a range of species and outlines specific requirements for housing, care, and treatment to ensure the welfare of animals involved in research.

The PHS Policy complements the AWA by providing guidelines for institutions that receive PHS funding for research involving animals. This policy requires institutions to adhere to ethical standards and establish an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) to oversee animal welfare and ensure compliance with both federal regulations and ethical considerations.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately represent the regulations or include entities that do not have jurisdiction over animal research in the same comprehensive manner as the AWA and the PHS Policy. For instance, the Animal Protection Act and the Humane Care Act are not recognized regulatory frameworks concerning animal research in the same way that the AWA and PHS do. Thus, the combination of the AWA and PHS Policy represents the most accurate answer regarding federal governance of animal research.